TMS evidence:
what we know and what we don’t yet

Pharmacological, psychological and neurostimulatory interventions for adult ADHD – network meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Lancet Psychiatry 2025

tDCS in adults with ADHD – systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs

Metaanalyse · Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2026

tDCS for adults with ADHD – a systematic review

Systematischer Review · J Psychiatr Res 2026

Efficacy and safety of tDCS in ADHD – systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Front Psychiatry 2026

Portable EEG-based neurofeedback for ADHD – meta-analysis of RCTs

Metaanalyse · Appl Neuropsychol Child 2025

Neurofeedback in ADHD – meta-analysis (Collaborative Neurofeedback Group)

Metaanalyse · JAACAP 2016

Microstate-based neurofeedback in ADHD – randomised crossover trial

RCT · Brain Topogr 2025

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for ALS / motor neuron disease (Cochrane review)

Cochrane-Review · Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013

Non-invasive brain stimulation for ALS: current evidence (systematic review)

Systematischer Review · Medicina (Kaunas) 2025

rTMS of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in ALS with cognitive impairment (double-blind RCT)

RCT · CNS Neurosci Ther 2025

Respiratory muscle training and pulmonary function/survival in ALS (systematic review + meta-analysis)

Metaanalyse · Ther Adv Respir Dis 2025

Respiratory strength training for ALS (meta-analysis of randomized trials)

Metaanalyse · Respir Med 2026

Transcranial static magnetic stimulation for ALS (randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial)

RCT Phase 2 · Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024

Network meta-analysis: photobiomodulation, tDCS and rTMS in Alzheimer’s disease

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Lasers Med Sci 2026

tDCS in Alzheimer’s disease – systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Front Aging Neurosci 2026

tDCS and cognitive function in MCI and Alzheimer’s – meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Front Neurol 2026

Non-invasive neuromodulation to improve cognition in Alzheimer’s – meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Neurol Sci 2026

rTMS combined with non-pharmacological interventions in cognitive disorders – meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Asian J Psychiatry 2025

Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) in dementia

Klinische Studie · Alzheimer’s & Dementia 2026

Efficacy and acceptability of brain stimulation for anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs

Netzwerk-Meta · J Affect Disord 2025

Transcranial magnetic stimulation in anxiety and trauma-related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Brain Behav 2019

Effects of rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on symptom domains in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review and cross-diagnostic meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Lancet Psychiatry 2023

Efficacy of neurostimulation across mental disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis of 208 randomized controlled trials

Metaanalyse · Mol Psychiatry 2022

Brain stimulation and other biological non-pharmacological interventions in mental disorders: an umbrella review

Umbrella-Review · Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for treating emotional dysregulation and inflammation in common neuropsychiatric disorders

Review · Brain Sci 2025

Non-invasive brain stimulation for autism spectrum disorder – network meta-analysis of RCTs

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024

rTMS and tDCS on repetitive behaviours and executive function in autism – systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Res Dev Disabil 2025

Non-pharmacological and novel pharmacological therapies for autism – systematic review and network meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2026

Accelerated cTBS over primary motor cortex in children with autism – multicentre randomised sham-controlled trial

RCT · BMJ 2026

Low-frequency TMS in children with autism – sensory and behavioural outcomes of a randomised trial

RCT · Front Psychiatry 2026

Empathy and event-related potentials before and after EEG neurofeedback in autistic adolescents

RCT · Sci Rep 2025

Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) for bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017

The efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · J Affect Disord 2021

Comparing different non-invasive brain stimulation interventions for bipolar depression treatment: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Netzwerk-Meta · Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024

Accelerated intermittent theta-burst stimulation and treatment-refractory bipolar depression: a randomized clinical trial

RCT · JAMA Psychiatry 2024

Brain stimulation treatment for bipolar disorder

Review · Bipolar Disord 2023

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in bipolar disorder: a systematic review

Syst. Review · Bipolar Disord 2022

Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in neurology — Lyme neuroborreliosis

Leitlinie · Ger Med Sci 2020

EFNS guidelines on the diagnosis and management of European Lyme neuroborreliosis

Leitlinie · Eur J Neurol 2010

Lyme borreliosis

Übersicht · Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016

Lyme neuroborreliosis — epidemiology, diagnosis and management

Übersicht · Nat Rev Neurol 2015

Prevalence and spectrum of residual symptoms in Lyme neuroborreliosis after pharmacological treatment: a systematic review

Systematische Übersicht · J Neurol 2016

Treatment of post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms — a systematic review

Systematische Übersicht · Eur J Neurol 2024

Randomized trial of longer-term therapy for symptoms attributed to Lyme disease

RCT · N Engl J Med 2016

Two controlled trials of antibiotic treatment in patients with persistent symptoms and a history of Lyme disease

RCT · N Engl J Med 2001

Cognitive decline in post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome

Studie · Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019

Imaging glial activation in patients with post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms: a pilot study using [11C]DPA-713 PET

Pilotstudie · J Neuroinflammation 2018

Association of small fiber neuropathy and post treatment Lyme disease syndrome

Studie · PLoS One 2019

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome following Lyme disease

Fallserie · Cardiol J 2011

Neuropsychiatric Lyme disease and vagus nerve stimulation

Übersicht · Antibiotics 2023

Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cytokine production and attenuates disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis

Studie · PNAS 2016

A mechanistic analysis of the neural modulation of the inflammatory system through vagus nerve stimulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Neuromodulation 2025

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: mechanisms, applications, and research progress

Übersicht · Front Neurosci 2026

The effects of noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation on fatigue and immune responses in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

Studie · Neuromodulation 2019

Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on long COVID-19 with fatigue and cognitive dysfunction

Studie · Prog Rehabil Med 2023

Transcranial direct current stimulation for post-COVID fatigue: a randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot study

RCT-Pilot · Brain Commun 2023

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ameliorates symptoms in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (chronic fatigue syndrome)

Studie · IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023

HRV biofeedback for stress and anxiety: meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Psychol Med 2017

Remote HRV biofeedback for mental health: systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2025

HRV biofeedback for resilience in healthcare workers: RCT

RCT · Cogn Behav Ther 2026

Neurofeedback to reduce burnout in surgical residents: pilot study

Pilotstudie · J Am Coll Surg 2021

taVNS for stress regulation: EEG and questionnaire study

Studie · Front Digit Health 2025

Prefrontal tDCS and autonomic/neuroendocrine response to psychosocial stress

Studie · Stress 2020

Moderate-intensity exercise program during inpatient rehabilitation for middle-stage Huntington’s disease (RCT)

RCT · J Huntingtons Dis 2026

tDCS can enhance working memory in Huntington’s disease (RCT)

RCT · Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017

Cognitive training: feasibility and effects on cognition and psychosocial function in Huntington’s (pilot RCT)

Pilot-RCT · J Neurol 2025

Medial prefrontal transcranial alternating current stimulation for apathy in Huntington’s disease

Klinische Studie · Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for chronic pain — Cochrane systematic review

Cochrane Review 2018

Pharmacotherapy and non-invasive neuromodulation for neuropathic pain — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Lancet Neurology 2025

Add-on non-invasive brain stimulation in fibromyalgia — meta-analysis of RCTs

Metaanalyse · Rheumatology 2016

tDCS on pain intensity in fibromyalgia — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · BMC Neurology 2023

Non-invasive electrical brain stimulation in fibromyalgia — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Front Pain Res 2025

Neurofeedback in the management of chronic pain — systematic review & meta-analysis of clinical trials

Metaanalyse · Eur J Pain 2020

Analgesic effect of EEG neurofeedback for chronic pain — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Eur J Neurol 2022

Effects of neurofeedback on fibromyalgia — randomized controlled trial

RCT · Pain Manag Nurs 2021

EMG- and EEG-biofeedback in fibromyalgia syndrome — meta-analysis & systematic review of RCTs

Metaanalyse · Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for chronic pain — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Pain Reports 2024

Theta burst versus high-frequency rTMS in depression (THREE-D): a randomised non-inferiority trial

RCT · Lancet 2018

TMS and tDCS across mental disorders: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · JAMA Netw Open 2024

Theta burst stimulation for depression: a systematic review and network and pairwise meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Meta · Mol Psychiatry 2024

Transcranial electrical stimulation in treatment of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · JAMA Netw Open 2025

Stanford Accelerated Intelligent Neuromodulation Therapy for treatment-resistant depression

Klinische Studie · Am J Psychiatry 2020

Efficacy of bio- and neurofeedback for depression: a meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Psychol Med 2022

Transcranial photobiomodulation for the management of depression: current perspectives

Review · Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019

Non-invasive neurostimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · J Neurol 2025

rTMS for drug-resistant epilepsy: systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

IPD-Metaanalyse · Epilepsia Open 2018

tDCS for seizure control in refractory epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs

Metaanalyse · Neurosurg Rev 2025

tDCS reduces seizure frequency in refractory focal epilepsy: randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled multicenter study

RCT · Brain Stimul 2020

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for drug-resistant epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial

RCT · Neurotherapeutics 2023

Sustained reduction of seizures after self-regulation training of slow cortical potentials (neurofeedback) — 10-year follow-up

Langzeit-Follow-up · Front Hum Neurosci 2014

Psychiatric comorbidities in persons with epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · JAMA Neurol 2025

rTMS for fibromyalgia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Psychosom Med 2022

Motor cortex rTMS in fibromyalgia: multicentre randomised controlled trial

RCT · Br J Anaesth 2025

Is tDCS effective for pain in fibromyalgia? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · J Pain 2020

Efficacy of neuromodulation for fibromyalgia: a network meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024

Non-invasive brain stimulation for pain, fatigue and sleep in fibromyalgia: network meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Clin J Pain 2025

Low-level laser therapy for fibromyalgia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Pain Physician 2019

Vagus nerve stimulation and fibromyalgia network physiology: systematic review

Übersicht · J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2025

Does transcranial direct current stimulation improve healthy working memory? A meta-analytic review

Metaanalyse · J Cogn Neurosci 2016

High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) for the enhancement of working memory — a systematic review and meta-analysis of healthy adults

Metaanalyse · Brain Stimul 2022

EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. I: a review of cognitive and affective outcome in healthy participants

Übersicht · Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014

Effects of neurofeedback training on performance in laboratory tasks: a systematic review

Systematische Übersicht · Int J Psychophysiol 2023

Transcranial photobiomodulation improves cognitive performance in young healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2019

Can transcranial photobiomodulation improve cognitive function? A systematic review of human studies

Systematische Übersicht · Ageing Res Rev 2023

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a tool for cognitive enhancement in healthy adults: a review study

Übersicht · Med Biol Eng Comput 2024

Modulating subjective and objective cognitive state fatigue in long COVID with repetitive anodal tDCS: results from a double-blinded randomized controlled trial

RCT · BMC Neurosci 2026

Transcranial direct current stimulation in affecting neuropsychiatric symptoms of post-COVID syndrome: No change in microstates and functional connectivity

RCT · PLoS One 2026

rTMS for post-covid-19 condition: A sham-controlled case series involving iTBS-300 and iTBS-600

Fallserie · Brain Behav Immun Health 2024

Transcutaneous Auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation Against Fatigue Syndrome in Patients with Long COVID: Results of the Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Pilot Trial COVIVA

RCT · Neurol Ther 2026

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation improves dysautonomia, post-traumatic stress disorder and cognitive impairment in long covid patients: a pilot study

Pilotstudie · Sci Rep 2026

Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of Clinical Evidence

Systematischer Review · J Clin Med 2026

Autonomic dysregulation in long-term patients suffering from Post-COVID-19 Syndrome assessed by heart rate variability

Studie · Sci Rep 2023

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and other autonomic disorders after COVID-19 infection: a case series of 20 patients

Fallserie · Immunol Res 2021

Applicability of heart rate variability for cardiac autonomic assessment in long-term COVID patients: A systematic review

Systematischer Review · J Electrocardiol 2024

Wearable Heart Rate Variability Monitoring, Autonomic Dysfunction and Post-exertional Malaise in Long COVID: An Observational Study

Studie · Sports Med 2026

Photobiomodulation for cognitive dysfunction (Brain Fog) in post-COVID-19 condition: a randomized double-blind sham-controlled pilot trial

RCT · EClinicalMedicine 2026

Use of either transcranial or whole-body photobiomodulation treatments improves COVID-19 brain fog

Klinische Studie · J Biophotonics 2023

A systematic review of quantitative EEG findings in Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Long COVID

Systematischer Review · Clin Neurophysiol 2024

Cognitive, EEG, and MRI features of COVID-19 survivors: a 10-month study

Studie · J Neurol 2022

Mild respiratory COVID can cause multi-lineage neural cell and myelin dysregulation

Grundlagenstudie · Cell 2022

Prevalence of symptoms, comorbidities, fibrin amyloid microclots and platelet pathology in individuals with Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)

Studie · Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022

The potential of heparin-induced extracorporeal LDL/fibrinogen precipitation (H.E.L.P.)-apheresis for patients with severe acute or chronic COVID-19

Übersicht · Front Cardiovasc Med 2022

Plasmapheresis to remove amyloid fibrin(ogen) particles for treating the post-COVID-19 condition

Cochrane-Review · Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023

Chronic Fatigue and Postexertional Malaise in People Living With Long COVID: An Observational Study

Studie · Phys Ther 2022

Effect of using a structured pacing protocol on post-exertional symptom exacerbation and health status in a longitudinal cohort with the post-COVID-19 syndrome

Studie · J Med Virol 2023

Interventions for the management of long covid (post-covid condition): living systematic review

Systematischer Review · BMJ 2024

Intervention modalities for brain fog caused by long-COVID: systematic review of the literature

Systematischer Review · Neurol Sci 2024

rTMS for mild cognitive impairment – systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs

Metaanalyse · Front Neurol 2026

Multifocal non-invasive deep brain stimulation to enhance cognition in MCI – crossover trial

RCT · JAMA Netw Open 2026

tDCS-induced electric fields and slowing of cognitive decline in MCI (PACt-MD RCT)

RCT · Biol Psychiatry 2025

Accelerated iTBS combined with cognitive training in amnestic MCI

RCT · Neurol Sci 2025

Accelerated iTBS with cognitive training modulates cortical plasticity in amnestic MCI

RCT · Exp Gerontol 2026

Neurofeedback modulates functional networks and improves cognition in amnestic MCI

Klinische Studie · Brain Sci 2025

ME/CFS: diagnosis and management — clinical review

Übersicht · Mayo Clin Proc 2023

ME/CFS: the biology of a neglected disease — review

Übersicht · Front Immunol 2024

International Headache Society evidence-based guidelines on non-invasive neuromodulation for migraine

Leitlinie · Cephalalgia 2025

Non-invasive brain stimulation for migraine prophylaxis — network meta-analysis of RCTs

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · J Headache Pain 2022

Neuromodulation for acute and preventive migraine treatment — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · J Headache Pain 2020

Efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation on migraine — meta-analysis of RCTs

Metaanalyse · J Headache Pain 2017

Single-pulse TMS for acute treatment of migraine with aura — randomised, sham-controlled trial

RCT · Lancet Neurology 2010

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for migraine — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · CNS Neurosci Ther 2022

Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for prevention of episodic migraine — PREMIUM trial (RCT)

RCT · Cephalalgia 2019

Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for migraine prevention — PREMIUM II trial (RCT)

RCT · Cephalalgia 2022

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for migraine — fMRI study

RCT · Reg Anesth Pain Med 2021

qEEG-guided neurofeedback for recurrent migraine headaches

Kontrollierte Studie · Clin EEG Neurosci 2011

Intermittent theta-burst stimulation improves spasticity, pain and cognition in progressive MS (pilot RCT)

Pilot-RCT · Neurol Sci 2025

Theta-burst stimulation in MS management (systematic review)

Systematischer Review · Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2024

Non-invasive brain stimulation and balance control in MS (systematic review + meta-analysis)

Metaanalyse · Front Neurol 2025

Telehealth-based tDCS improves cognitive outcomes in MS (sham-controlled RCT)

RCT · Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2025

Aquatic therapy for fatigue, mobility and quality of life in MS (systematic review + meta-analysis)

Metaanalyse · J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2026

Resistance training in MS (systematic review + meta-analysis of randomized trials)

Metaanalyse · Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2026

rTMS and theta-burst stimulation on motor symptoms in Parkinson’s (network meta-analysis)

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · J Neurol 2026

Intermittent theta-burst stimulation for depressive symptoms in Parkinson’s (RCT)

RCT · JAMA Netw Open 2026

tDCS and motor function in Parkinson’s (systematic review + meta-analysis)

Metaanalyse · Int J Rehabil Res 2026

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for motor and gait performance in Parkinson’s (meta-analysis)

Metaanalyse · J Neurol 2026

Resistance training and quality of life in Parkinson’s (systematic review + meta-analysis)

Metaanalyse · Physiother Res Int 2026

Exercise for quality of life, cognition and sleep in Parkinson’s (systematic review + meta-analysis)

Metaanalyse · Front Psychol 2026

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-traumatic stress disorder in adults

Cochrane-Review 2024

Neuromodulation treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Meta · J Anxiety Disord 2024

Transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · J Affect Disord 2021

Non-invasive brain stimulation for posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Transl Psychiatry 2020

A randomized controlled study of neurofeedback for chronic PTSD

RCT · PLoS One 2016

A randomized, controlled trial of alpha-rhythm EEG neurofeedback in posttraumatic stress disorder

RCT · NeuroImage Clin 2020

Virtual reality and transcranial direct current stimulation for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized clinical trial

RCT · JAMA Psychiatry 2024

Preliminary evidence of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation effects on sleep in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

Pilotstudie · J Sleep Res 2024

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in traumatic brain injury: evidence from animal and human studies

Übersicht · Brain Res Bull 2020

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of concussion: a systematic review

Systematische Übersicht · Neuromodulation 2021

Accelerated rTMS in the treatment of post-concussion symptoms due to mild traumatic brain injury: a pilot study

Pilotstudie · Brain Inj 2021

Noninvasive neuromodulatory effect on cognition in individuals with traumatic brain injury: a single-blinded, two-arm parallel randomized clinical trial

RCT · Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2024

Efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation on cognitive functioning in brain disorders: a meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Psychol Med 2020

Traumatic brain injury recovery with photobiomodulation: cellular mechanisms, clinical evidence, and future potential

Übersicht · Cells 2024

Noninvasive brain stimulation for persistent postconcussion symptoms in mild traumatic brain injury

Kontrollierte Studie · J Neurotrauma 2015

rTMS for insomnia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Sleep Med 2021

Efficacy of rTMS for insomnia disorder: meta-analysis of RCTs

Metaanalyse · Front Neurosci 2026

taVNS for chronic insomnia disorder: randomized clinical trial

RCT · JAMA Netw Open 2024

taVNS in insomnia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Neuromodulation 2025

Transcranial alternating current stimulation for chronic insomnia: RCT

RCT · Psychother Psychosom 2020

Neurofeedback to enhance sleep quality and insomnia: meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Front Neurosci 2024

Photobiomodulation and sleep quality: systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Lasers Med Sci 2026

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with low risk of bias

Metaanalyse · Neuromodulation 2025

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for the improvement of upper limb motor function and performance in activities of daily living after stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2023

Vagus nerve stimulation paired with rehabilitation for upper limb motor function after ischaemic stroke (VNS-REHAB): a randomised, blinded, pivotal, device trial

Pivotale RCT · Lancet 2021

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) in stroke: the evidence, challenges and future directions

Übersicht · Auton Neurosci 2022

Transcranial direct current stimulation for post-stroke dysphagia: a meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · J Neuroeng Rehabil 2023

Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on post-stroke comorbid cognitive impairment and depression: a randomized controlled trial

RCT · J Alzheimers Dis 2024

Neurofeedback-assisted mindfulness training for stress reduction in employees: RCT

RCT · JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2023

Neurofeedback-assisted meditation via wearable for stress reduction: RCT

RCT · J Korean Med Sci 2024

Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT): a double-blind randomized controlled trial

RCT · Am J Psychiatry 2022

Accelerated TMS for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Psychiatry Res 2019

Comparisons of accelerated continuous and intermittent theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant depression

RCT · Biol Psychiatry 2024

Comparison between accelerated and standard or sham rTMS in the treatment of depression: a systematic review

Syst. Review · Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2025

New neuromodulation techniques for treatment-resistant depression

Review · Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2020

Neuromodulation for treatment of tinnitus — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for chronic tinnitus — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · BMC Psychiatry 2020

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for chronic tinnitus — randomized clinical trial

RCT · JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015

Non-invasive neuromodulation for tinnitus — meta-analysis and modeling studies

Metaanalyse · Brain Stimulation 2021

Dual-site transcranial direct current stimulation to treat tinnitus — randomized controlled trial

RCT · Brain 2022

Non-invasive treatments improve outcomes in chronic tinnitus — systematic review & network meta-analysis

Netzwerk-Metaanalyse · Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2024

Transcranial direct current stimulation in tinnitus patients — systematic review & meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · ScientificWorldJournal 2012

fMRI neurofeedback outperforms cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitus distress — randomized clinical trial

RCT · Radiology 2024

Individualized alpha/delta neurofeedback in chronic tinnitus — randomized controlled trial

RCT · Neural Plasticity 2019

Vagus nerve stimulation paired with tones for treatment of tinnitus — randomized, double-blind pilot study

RCT-Pilot · Scientific Reports 2017

Noninvasive brain stimulation for upper limb motor activity in children and young adults with cerebral palsy and pediatric stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · J Neuroeng Rehabil 2025

Neuromodulation for children with hemiparesis and perinatal stroke: a randomized clinical trial

RCT · JAMA Neurol 2025

Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with an intensive training program for upper limb rehabilitation in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled pilot study

RCT-Pilot · Res Dev Disabil 2025

Safety and effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation on mobility and balance function in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Metaanalyse · J Neuroeng Rehabil 2025

Safety and efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation for the upper extremities in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review

Systematische Übersicht · Dev Med Child Neurol 2024

The effects of neurofeedback training for children with cerebral palsy and co-occurring attention deficits: a pilot study

Pilotstudie · Child Care Health Dev 2024

Efficacy and safety of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a prospective multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

RCT · Am J Psychiatry 2019

Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials

Metaanalyse · J Psychiatr Res 2024

A meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Metaanalyse · Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2023

Efficacy of accelerated deep transcranial magnetic stimulation with double cone coil in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study

RCT · J Psychiatr Res 2024

A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of different cortical targets used in rTMS for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder

Metaanalyse · Psychiatr Q 2018

Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Metaanalyse · Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2025

Brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): a systematic review

Syst. Review · Curr Neuropharmacol 2019